Nrov 14 Sweeteners Koj Yuav Tsum Paub

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom qab zib hauv peb lub neej tsis tuaj yeem tsis lees paub. Los ntawm kev txhim kho saj ntawm cov zaub mov kom txhim kho nws cov kev ntxhib los mos, sweeteners tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub neej niaj hnub. Cia peb saib qee lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas cov khoom qab zib ua si hauv peb lub neej.

• Txhim khu lub saj ntawm zaub mov

Sweeteners, xws li qab zib, zib ntab, thiab maple phoov, yog siv los txhim kho cov saj ntawm cov zaub mov. Lawv ntxiv ib qho qab ntxiag qab zib rau cov tais diav, ua rau lawv nyiam noj ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom qab zib tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm cov khoom noj, xws li hauv cov khaub ncaws hnav los yog cov tais diav savory, uas lawv tau siv los ua kom cov ntsev thiab ntxiv qhov kov ntawm qhov qab zib.

• Zog Source

Sweeteners, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj carbohydrates, muab lub zog tseem ceeb rau lub cev. Lawv tawg thaum lub sij hawm zom mov thiab hloov mus rau hauv qabzib, uas yog siv los ntawm lub cev rau lub zog. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov tib neeg uas ua lub neej nquag lossis ua haujlwm lub cev, vim lawv xav tau lub zog muaj zog kom lawv mus thoob plaws hnub.

• Flavoring Agents

Sweeteners tau dav siv los ua cov tshuaj tsw qab hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, xws li hauv kev tsim cov dej haus, khoom qab zib, ncuav mog qab zib, ncuav qab zib, thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib. Lawv tsis tsuas yog ntxiv qab zib rau cov khoom no tab sis kuj pab txhawb rau lawv cov kev ntxhib los mos thiab sib xws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv dej haus, sweeteners pab sib npaug lub acidity thiab ntxiv ib tug du kev ntxhib los mos, thaum nyob rau hauv cov khoom qab zib, lawv pab txhawb rau cov nplua nuj thiab moistness ntawm lub tais.

• Glycemic Index

Sweeteners muaj glycemic Performance index (GI), uas yog hais txog lawv lub peev xwm los nce ntshav qab zib. High-GI sweeteners, xws li qab zib dawb thiab zib ntab, ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce sai, muab lub zog tawg sai. Low-GI sweeteners, xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab molasses, ua rau cov ntshav qab zib maj mam nce ntxiv, muab lub zog tso tawm ntau dua. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib lossis cov uas xav tswj lawv cov ntshav qab zib.

• Kev ntxhib los mos thiab kev sib haum xeeb

Sweeteners pab txhawb kev ntxhib los mos thiab sib xws ntawm cov khoom noj. Hauv cov ncuav qab zib, ncuav qab zib, thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib, lawv pab khi cov khoom xyaw ua ke thiab muab cov qauv rau cov khoom kawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj cuam tshuam qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ice cream, yogurt, thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib khov los ntawm kev tswj qhov chaw khov thiab ua rau lawv creamier thiab smoother.

Hauv kev xaus, sweeteners ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub neej. Lawv txhim kho cov saj ntawm cov zaub mov, muab lub zog qhov chaw, ua cov tshuaj tsw qab hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, pab txhawb rau glycemic Performance index, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ntxhib los mos thiab sib xws ntawm cov khoom noj. Txawm hais tias peb siv lawv ua noj lossis tsuas yog ntxiv qhov kov ntawm qhov qab zib rau peb lub neej txhua hnub, sweeteners tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb cov khoom noj.

1. Aspartame

Aspartame yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom noj uas tau kawm tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg cov khoom noj. FDA cov kws tshawb fawb tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb thaum siv aspartame raws li kev pom zoo. Cov khoom qab zib tau pom zoo hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Kev tswj hwm thiab kev tshawb fawb, xws li Health Canada Disclaimer thiab European Food Safety Authority Disclaimer tau soj ntsuam aspartame thiab tseem xav tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tso cai tam sim no.

Qee cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem tso siab rau cov khoom lag luam nrog aspartame thiab lwm cov khoom qab zib los pab txo lawv cov piam thaj. Peb lees paub tias kev nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv los ntawm cov koom haum noj qab haus huv yog qhov nyuaj. Peb yuav txuas ntxiv muab cov ntaub ntawv ntseeg siab, kev tshawb fawb txog aspartame thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib ntawm FDA lub vev xaib los pab cov neeg siv khoom paub xaiv.

2. Acesulfame poov tshuaj

Acesulfame potassium, tseem hu ua acesulfame K, los yog Ace K, yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj qab zib hloov pauv (cov khoom qab zib) feem ntau ua lag luam hauv cov npe lag luam Sunett thiab Sweet One.

Acesulfame K yog 200 npaug ntawm qab zib dua sucrose (cov suab thaj ntau), qab zib li aspartame, li ntawm ob feem peb ntawm qab zib li saccharin, thiab ib feem peb ntawm qab zib li sucralose. Zoo li saccharin, nws muaj me ntsis tom qab saj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv siab concentrations. Kraft Foods patented siv sodium ferulate los npog acesulfame's aftertaste. Acesulfame K feem ntau sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom qab zib (feem ntau sucralose lossis aspartame). Cov kev sib xyaw no muaj npe nrov kom muab cov saj zoo li sucrose uas txhua tus qab zib qhov ncauj qhov ntswg rau lwm tus tom qab los yog nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws los ntawm qhov sib xyaw yog qab zib dua li nws cov khoom.

3. Erythritol

Qab Zib cawv, los yog erythritol, yog ib hom carbohydrate uas yog dav siv los ua khoom qab zib. Nws yog ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas sau tias yog cov khoom noj ntshav qab zib thiab poob phaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias erythritol thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau kev noj qab haus huv, tej zaum txawm tias dhau qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov lus qab zib.

Tej yam khoom noj muaj erythritol. Nws kuj yog tsim los ntawm fermentation ntawm cov khoom noj xws li cheese, wine, thiab npias. Txij li xyoo 1990, erythritol tau raug tsim tawm los ua cov khoom qab zib ntxiv rau nws lub xeev ntuj.
Erythritol muaj calorie ntau ntau. Erythritol tsis muaj calories ib gram, qhov qab zib muaj 4. Qhov no yog vim nws nqus tau sai los ntawm koj cov hnyuv thiab tawm ntawm koj lub cev hauv cov zis hauv ib hnub. Yog li ntawd, erythritol tsis tuaj yeem "metabolize" thiab muab lub zog rau koj lub cev.
Flavour. Erythritol muaj qab zib tsw. Nws zoo li lub qab zib.
zoo nkauj. Nws siv cov duab ntawm cov hmoov dawb siv lead ua.

4. Mannitol

Ib hom qab zib cawv hu ua mannitol yog siv los ua tshuaj thiab khoom qab zib. Vim nws tsis zoo absorbed los ntawm txoj hnyuv, nws yog siv raws li ib tug tsawg-calorie sweetener. Nws yog siv los ua tshuaj kom txo qis intracranial siab thiab txo qhov muag pom kev, xws li hauv glaucoma. Nws yog siv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj lossis nqus pa hauv cov tshuaj. Feem ntau pib hauv 15 feeb, cov teebmeem tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus txog 8 teev.

Mannitol yog siv los ua cov khoom qab zib rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab zom cov pos hniav vim nws nce ntshav qabzib tsawg dua sucrose thiab muaj qhov qis glycemic Performance index. Txawm hais tias mannitol muaj qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj ntau dua li feem ntau ntawm cov piam thaj cawv, qhov ua kom txias feem ntau pom hauv mint candies thiab cov pos hniav yog txo qis los ntawm nws cov solubility tsawg. Ntawm qhov tod tes, mannitol ua rau lub zog txias txias thaum nws yaj tag nrho hauv cov khoom.

5. Sucralose

Sucralose yog ib qho khoom qab zib hloov thiab qab zib. Feem ntau noj sucralose yog noncaloric vim lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua rau nws tawg.
Sucralose muaj qhov sib piv qab zib ntawm 320 thiab 1, 000 npaug ntawm sucrose, peb zaug ntawm aspartame thiab acesulfame potassium, thiab ob npaug ntawm sodium saccharin.
Txawm hais tias cov hmoov nplej ntawm sucralose-based sweetener khoom Splenda (zoo li feem ntau lwm cov hmoov sucralose khoom) muaj 95% (los ntawm ntim) bulking agents dextrose thiab maltodextrin uas cuam tshuam rau qib insulin, sucralose yog siv ntau yam khoom noj thiab dej haus vim nws yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus. Tsis-calorie sweetener, tsis txhawb cov kab noj hniav, thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj los ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov tsis muaj ntshav qab zib. Sucralose tuaj yeem siv rau qhov chaw lossis ntxiv rau lwm cov khoom qab zib lossis cov khoom qab zib xws li high-fructose pob kws phoov, aspartame, thiab acesulfame potassium. Cov khoom lag luam suav nrog cov khoom qab zib, cereal bars, kas fes pods, thiab cov dej qab zib muaj xws li nws.
 

6. L-arabinose

Ib tug natural sucrose inhibitor muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag raws li carbohydrate L-abinose. Nws muaj prebiotic zoo thiab tuaj yeem pab nrog qhov hnyav thiab kev tswj ntshav qab zib. Khoom noj khoom haus / khoom noj khoom haus, pastries, khoom qab zib, khoom noj siv mis, ice cream, qhob cij, khoom noj me nyuam mos, chocolates & confections, thiab dej haus yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov khoom no ua.

7. L-fucose

Fucose, nrog rau cov mis mos molecular C6H12O5, yog hexose deoxy qab zib. Nyob rau ntawm tes ntawm kab, nroj tsuag, thiab tsiaj txhu, nws muaj nyob rau ntawm N-txuas glycans. Thawj lub tsev thaiv ntawm polysaccharide fucoidan pom nyob rau hauv seaweed yog fucose.

L-Fucose muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj, thiab kev noj haus.

Nws tau raug pom tias fucosylation ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis khi rau Natural Killer cells 'Fc receptor, uas ua rau txo qis antigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tua cov cell hauv vivo, fucosylated monoclonal antibodies tau tsim los nyiam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov kab ntawm tes uas tsis muaj lub ntsiab fucosylation enzyme.

8. L-rhamnose

Ib hom deoxy qab zib uas tshwm sim ib txwm muaj yog rhamnose (Rha, Rham). Nws poob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ob pawg: 6-deoxy-hexose lossis methyl-pentose. L-rhamnose, tseem hu ua 6-deoxy-L-mannose, yog hom loj ntawm rhamnose pom nyob rau hauv qhov. Muab hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov piam thaj uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv D-daim ntawv, qhov no tsis tshua muaj. Cov methyl pentoses L-fucose, L-rhamnose, thiab L-arabinose yog qhov zam. Txawm li cas los xij, qee hom kab mob, xws li Helicobacter pylori thiab Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yog cov piv txwv ntawm qhov tshwm sim D-rhamnose.

9. Mogroside

Ib qho glycoside ntawm cucurbitane derivatives hu ua mogroside muaj nyob rau hauv qee cov nroj tsuag, zoo li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm gourd vine Siraitia grosvenorii, kuj hu ua monkfruit los yog luohan guo. S. grosvenorii yog siv los rho mogrosides, uas yog siv los ua cov suab thaj hloov.

Mogrosides muaj xws li:

Mogrol

Mogroside II A₁

Mogroside II B

7-Oxomogroside II E

11-Oxomogroside A₁

Mogroside III A₂

11-Deoxymogroside III

11-Oxomogroside IV A

Mogroside V

7-Oxomogroside V

11-Oxo-mogroside V

Mogroside VI

Siamenoside I

10. Xylitol

Thaum yaj hauv dej, xylitol tuaj yeem nqus tau cua sov ntau thiab muaj qhov qab zib uas zoo li sucrose. Nws yog cov qab zib cawv qab zib uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws endothermic. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav ua rau muaj qhov txias txias hauv qhov ncauj thaum noj khoom. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev zam cov kab mob caries, xylitol tsis txhawb nqa caries. Insulin tsis cuam tshuam rau cov metabolism, uas yog tag nrho digested hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab muaj 10kJ / g calorific nqi.

Xylitol, ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws hloov khoom qab zib rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tuaj yeem siv dav hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kas fes, mis nyuj, qhob cij, khoom qab zib, thiab lwm yam zaub mov tsis muaj qab zib. Nws yog lub hauv paus phem rau cov kab mob thiab tsis tuaj yeem fermented los ntawm cov poov xab. Cov zaub mov ua nrog xylitol tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev yam tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob. Xylitol tuaj yeem txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob salutary thiab txhim kho kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev. Xylitol tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau lub taub hau dua li lwm cov polyols, yog li cov khoom noj uas ua nrog xylitol muaj qhov txias saj thiab khaws cov khoom noj qub.

11. Trehalose

Lub enzyme trehalase, pom nyob rau hauv txhuam ciam teb ntawm txoj hnyuv mucosa ntawm omnivores (nrog rau tib neeg) thiab herbivores, lov trehalose sai sai rau hauv qabzib. Piv nrog rau cov piam thaj, nws ua rau cov ntshav qab zib qis dua. Ntawm qhov siab tshaj 22%, trehalose yog li 45% qab zib li sucrose; Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov concentration qis dua, trehalose poob qab zib sai dua li sucrose. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tshuaj 2.3% xav tias 6.5 npaug ntawm qab zib dua li cov kua qab zib tib yam.

12. Maltitol

Txo maltose yields maltitol, qab zib cawv-ib hom carbohydrate uas tsis yog qab zib lossis cawv. Nws yog siv los hloov cov suab thaj uas nce ntshav qab zib thiab insulin qeeb dua li sucrose lossis d-glucose. Tib neeg digestive system tsuas yog tag nrho digests maltitol. Nws nquag qhia rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib vim yog cov xwm txheej no.

Maltitol thiab lwm yam qab zib cawv zoo ib yam li qab zib hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm saj, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw. Cov khoom qab zib no feem ntau yog siv hauv cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj carb lossis "tsis muaj piam thaj" xws li khoom qab zib thiab khoom noj khoom haus bar.

13. Thaumatin

Cov protein thaumatin muaj qhov qab zib uas yog li 2,000 zaus ntau dua sucrose. Nws cov qab zib, txawm li cas los xij, tau tshawb pom ntau dua li sucrose thiab muaj qhov ntev-ntev tom qab saj uas yog reminiscent ntawm licorice. Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov tsw koj nyiam, muab nws nrog sucrose lossis lwm yam khoom qab zib. Cov protein thaumatin muaj 207 amino acids thiab yog me me. Nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm West African haiv neeg Thaumatococcus daniellii, feem ntau hu ua katemfe. Txog li 70 degree, cov protein yog kub ruaj khov, tab sis saum toj no, nws yuav tsis qab. Thaumatin cov kev daws teeb meem nyob ruaj khov thoob plaws pH dav ntawm 2.5-10.

14. Stevioside

Stevioside muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qab zib siab thiab qis-calorie zog, nws qab zib yog 200-300 npaug ntawm sucrose, thiab nws cov nqi calorific tsuas yog 1/300 ntawm sucrose. Nws yog ntuj sweetener. Stevia tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li zaub mov, dej haus, tshuaj, tshuaj txhua hnub, brewery, thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws yog ib qho khoom qab zib tshiab nrog kev pom dav rau kev txhim kho. Stevia yog qhov thib peb natural succedaneum ntawm cane qab zib thiab beet qab zib nrog kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv tus nqi, muab rho tawm los ntawm nplooj ntawm herbal zaub ntawm composite tsev neeg-stevia rebaudianum.

Cov neeg nyiam cov khoom qab zib ntuj rau ntau yam laj thawj. Qee qhov laj thawj feem ntau suav nrog lawv saj, txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb.

Ua ntej, ntuj sweeteners feem ntau muaj ntau txoj kev thiab nuanced saj dua li cov khoom qab zib. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov tob thiab nplua nuj rau cov khoom noj uas cov khoom qab zib feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Piv txwv li, zib mu muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb floral saj uas khub zoo nrog tej txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog nyob rau hauv ci, thaum maple phoov muaj ib tug nplua nuj, caramel zoo li tsw uas ntxiv qhov tob rau pancakes los yog waffles.

Qhov thib ob, ntau tus neeg nyiam cov khoom qab zib ntuj vim lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Artificial sweeteners tau raug thuam rau lawv qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, nrog qee qhov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias lawv yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub plab noj qab haus huv, qib qabzib, thiab microbiome. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntuj sweeteners zoo li zib ntab, maple phoov, thiab molasses yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham xws li amino acids, minerals, thiab vitamins uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.

Thaum kawg, kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb yog lwm qhov laj thawj vim li cas tib neeg nyiam cov khoom qab zib ntuj. Artificial sweeteners tau raug hluav taws kub nyhiab rau lawv qhov muaj peev xwm txuas mus rau ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib, thiab kab mob plawv. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov khoom qab zib ntuj feem ntau suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau feem ntau ntawm lawv tau pom zoo siv rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej haus los ntawm cov tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb.

Hauv kev xaus, tib neeg nyiam cov khoom qab zib ntuj vim lawv saj zoo dua, cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, thiab kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb piv rau cov khoom qab zib. Nrog rau kev txaus siab rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv, qhov kev thov rau cov khoom qab zib ntuj yuav zoo li yuav nce ntxiv rau xyoo tom ntej.

Undersun Biomedtech tau ua haujlwm R&D ntawm cov khoom qab zib rau ntau tshaj 14 xyoo thiab peb tuaj yeem muab cov khoom qab zib qab zib:

• Stevia: Ib tsob nroj uas muaj qab zib, stevia yog muab los ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag stevia thiab paub txog nws cov calories pes tsawg thiab muaj zog qab zib.

• Monk Fruit Extract: Muab los ntawm cov txiv tsawb txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov khoom qab zib ntuj no muaj qhov qis glycemic Performance index thiab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv antioxidants.

• Xylitol: Ib qho dej cawv qab zib tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xylitol muaj qhov ntsuas glycemic qis thiab paub txog nws lub peev xwm los pab tswj qhov ncauj.

• Erythritol: Lwm cov cawv qab zib, erythritol yog muab los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus calorie tsawg.

• Inulin: Ib qho prebiotic fiber ntau tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, inulin yog cov khoom qab zib uas muaj calorie tsawg uas muaj cov as-ham thiab pab txhawb kev zom zaub mov.

Cia li qhia rau peb paub koj qhov kev thov ntawmherbext@undersun.com.cn.

Cov ntaub ntawv:

https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/aspartame-and-other-sweeteners-food

https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/food-safety/food-additives/sugar-substitutes/aspartame-artificial-sweeteners.html

https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/consultations/call/110531

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acesulfame_poov tshuaj

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fucose